Doughnut – Definition & Detailed Explanation – Pastry Types Glossary

What is Doughnut?

A doughnut, also known as a donut, is a type of fried dough confectionery that is typically sweet and ring-shaped. It is a popular treat enjoyed by people of all ages around the world. Doughnuts can be filled with various types of fillings, such as jelly, custard, or cream, and can be topped with a variety of glazes or sprinkles. They are often enjoyed as a breakfast pastry or as a dessert.

History of Doughnuts

The exact origins of the doughnut are unclear, but it is believed to have originated in Europe in the 19th century. The Dutch are credited with bringing the doughnut to America, where it became a popular treat among early American settlers. The traditional ring shape of the doughnut is said to have been created by a Dutch woman who placed balls of dough in hot oil, resulting in a ring-shaped pastry.

Doughnuts gained popularity during World War I when the Salvation Army volunteers, known as “Doughnut Dollies,” would serve doughnuts to American soldiers on the front lines. This helped to popularize the pastry in the United States and solidify its status as a beloved treat.

Types of Doughnuts

There are many different types of doughnuts available, each with its own unique flavor and texture. Some popular types of doughnuts include:

– Yeast-raised doughnuts: These doughnuts are light and airy, thanks to the use of yeast in the dough. They are typically fried and can be filled or topped with various flavors.
– Cake doughnuts: These doughnuts are denser and more cake-like in texture, thanks to the use of baking powder or baking soda in the dough. They are often glazed or coated with powdered sugar.
– Old-fashioned doughnuts: These doughnuts have a craggy, uneven texture and are typically fried in lard for a rich flavor. They are often flavored with cinnamon and nutmeg.
– Jelly-filled doughnuts: These doughnuts are filled with fruit jelly or jam and are often topped with powdered sugar or glaze.
– Boston cream doughnuts: These doughnuts are filled with vanilla custard and topped with chocolate glaze, creating a decadent treat.

Ingredients in Doughnuts

The basic ingredients in doughnuts include flour, sugar, eggs, milk, butter, and yeast or baking powder. These ingredients are combined to create a dough that is then shaped into rings or balls and fried in hot oil until golden brown. Additional ingredients, such as flavorings, fillings, and toppings, can be added to create a variety of different doughnut flavors.

Popular Doughnut Flavors

Doughnuts come in a wide range of flavors to suit every palate. Some popular doughnut flavors include:

– Glazed: A classic doughnut flavor, glazed doughnuts are coated in a sweet, shiny glaze that adds a touch of sweetness.
– Chocolate: Chocolate doughnuts are coated in a rich chocolate glaze or filled with chocolate cream for a decadent treat.
– Maple: Maple doughnuts are flavored with maple syrup and often topped with a maple glaze or maple-flavored icing.
– Lemon: Lemon doughnuts are flavored with lemon zest and juice, giving them a bright, citrusy flavor.
– Cinnamon sugar: Cinnamon sugar doughnuts are coated in a mixture of cinnamon and sugar for a warm, comforting flavor.

How to Make Doughnuts

Making doughnuts at home is a fun and rewarding process that allows you to customize the flavors and toppings to suit your preferences. Here is a basic recipe for making yeast-raised doughnuts:

Ingredients:
– 1 cup warm milk
– 2 1/4 tsp active dry yeast
– 1/2 cup sugar
– 2 eggs
– 1/3 cup butter, melted
– 4 cups all-purpose flour
– 1/2 tsp salt
– Oil for frying

Instructions:
1. In a small bowl, combine the warm milk, yeast, and a pinch of sugar. Let sit for 5-10 minutes, until foamy.
2. In a large bowl, whisk together the sugar, eggs, and melted butter. Add the yeast mixture and stir to combine.
3. Gradually add the flour and salt to the wet ingredients, stirring until a dough forms.
4. Turn the dough out onto a floured surface and knead for 5-10 minutes, until smooth and elastic.
5. Place the dough in a greased bowl, cover with a clean towel, and let rise in a warm place for 1-2 hours, until doubled in size.
6. Punch down the dough and roll it out to 1/2 inch thickness. Use a doughnut cutter or a glass to cut out doughnut shapes.
7. Place the doughnuts on a baking sheet lined with parchment paper and let rise for 30 minutes.
8. Heat oil in a deep fryer or large pot to 350°F. Fry the doughnuts in batches for 1-2 minutes per side, until golden brown.
9. Remove the doughnuts from the oil and drain on a paper towel-lined plate.
10. Serve the doughnuts warm, topped with your favorite glaze or filling.

With this recipe, you can enjoy delicious homemade doughnuts that are sure to impress your family and friends. Experiment with different flavors and toppings to create your own unique doughnut creations.